If the Earth moved closer to the Sun it would get warmer and if it moved further away it would get colder. That means you’re right – we would be melted or frozen depending on the direction we travelled in. At the moment, we’re in what’s called the Habitable Zone (sometimes called the Goldilocks zone). That means we’re just the right distance away that water is a liquid on Earth. If we were too close, then it could too hot for water to be a liquid and it would be a gas. If we were too far away then it would freeze.
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